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Table 5 Detection accuracies of LDA, modified KNN and LGBM classification algorithms at different time segments for the best combination of HRV parameters

From: Prediction and detection of virtual reality induced cybersickness: a spiking neural network approach using spatiotemporal EEG brain data and heart rate variability

ECG detection

Time segment

ML algorithm

LDA

KNN

LGBM

2 Min VR

61.3% ( PNS or SDNN) + SNS + Mean HR

72.6% SNS + SI

69.4% SI + SDNN

30 s VR

66.1% PNS + SNS + SI

69.4% PNS + SNS + SI/ PNS + SI + RMSSD

67.7% SI + SDNN + Mean HR

VR 10 s

56.5% RMSSD

58.1% RMSSD

54.8% RMSSD

  1. Top accuracies are highlighted in bold